Radiation monitoring and radiation detection equipment
By the dosimetric control of radiation situation put forward some demands, and to implement them have been created different types of radiological equipment, among which, depending on the objectives of the control release a couple of major groups of products: < / p>
- search devices;
- monitors;
- dosimeters;
- detectors.
Search devices
Often, the search tools used for the detection of gamma-neutron and gamma irradiation (they have an identification function padionuklidov).
Lightweight search devices combine light weight and small size (they are made of impact resistant plastic). Devices in the metal enclosure used to work in the field. In addition, such devices can be built osnaschatsya dosimeter and vibrating.
Monitor
- road;
- rail;
- hiking.
This modular devices that have a high sensitivity to gamma-neutronnnomu and gamma radiation. Pedestrian radiation monitors are used for monitoring and verification: baggage, mail and people. Thanks to increased strength, rail and road monitors ekspluataruyutsya outdoors.
The dosimeters
It is the radiation monitoring devices that are neededto measure the power of ionizing radiation dose received by a person for a certain time (for example, for one shift).
Today, there are more than a dozen varieties of portable dosimeters: alpha, gamma, beta - and X-rays. In many of them, for ease of use, has built-watches.
Detectors
ionizing radiation detector (scintillator) - it is a professional device that operates on the basis of phosphorus. This material react to penetration into its thickness ionizing particles by a short flash of light.
As a rule, scintillation detectors, register UQniziruyuschie particles more efficiently than the Geiger-Muller counter. Geiger counter - a gas discharge radiation detector (it automatically calculates got to ionizing particles).